For many raised in late-20th-century evangelicalism, “abstinence” and “purity culture” are frequently treated as exact synonyms. However, while abstinence is a private historical ethical choice, purity culture is a modern, highly visible sociological construct. This article examines the architecture of the 1990s movement—from purity pledges to the courtship model—and explains why disentangling the ancient ethic from the modern subculture is the crucial first step in understanding its lasting psychological impact.